A water softener works as a unique device for reducing the hardness of water and making it soft by removing or neutralising minerals like calcium and magnesium by the method of ion exchange.

Water softeners operate on a simple yet effective principle: Ion exchange, where the calcium and magnesium ions are replaced with sodium ions.

Ion exchange is generally performed with the help of Resin beads. These beads draw in the positively charged calcium and magnesium ions found in hard water. As the water starts to flow through the water softener tank, resin beads attract the calcium and magnesium ions and replace them with sodium ions, flushing out softened water.

Periodically, the water softener goes through a regeneration cycle, during which it flushes out the accumulated minerals and replenishes the resin beads with fresh sodium ions with the help of a salt solution.